“西藏问题”国际纷争的背景、流变及视域

本书为国外藏学研究成果，2015年先由法兰克福Zambon出版社以德文出版，作者阿尔伯特•艾廷格（AlbertEttinger）系卢森堡著名藏学家，该书系统梳理了“问题”由来，对其何以漫及国际的背景和历程做了独到叙述和分析，结合中国统一多民族国家的历史文化传统特点，展望所谓“问题”渐次式微的前景，公允得出西藏自古以来是中国领土一部分的客观结论。本书视角独特，言之有据，颇具学术水准，令人耳目一新。Thisbooklightsupthehistorical,politicalandinternationallawaspectsoftheTibetconflict.Basedonwesternscientificliteratureandoncontemporarywitnesses,itrebutsthelargelydominantnarrativethatin1950,theChinesecommunistsattackedandoccupiedanindependent,peacefulcountryand,sincethen,triedtosuppressTibetancultureandeventheTibetanpeopleitself.Onthecontrary,itshowsthat“Tibetanindependence”wasacolonialprojectoftheBritishEmpire–aprojectlaterresumed,tosomeextent,bytheUSAwithinthecontextoftheColdWar.Theauthordealsindetailwiththefirsthalfofthe20thcentury,startingwiththe13thDalaiLamawhoroselater,withBritishsupport,tobecomeadespotoveran“independentTibet“inwhichBritishagentspulledthestrings.HighofficialsandlamasloyaltoChinawerekilledthenorhadtoflee,holemonasterieswererazedtotheground.TheDalaiLama’swillformodernisation,thoughmaintainedbynumerouswesternauthors,confineditselftothecreationofa"modern"armyequippedandtrainedbytheBritons.Thedeathofthe13thDalaiLamain1933ledtoembitteredstrugglesforpower,whichtheauthortellsindetail.Theregent,whoeventuallycameoutontop,thoughbeingalama,wascorruptanddebauched.Inthecourseofarenewedstruggleforpowerwithhisequallycorruptsuccessor,evenashortcivilwartookplaceinLhasa.