海峡两岸奥委会与国际奥委会关系问题的研究

ChinaestablishedrelationshipwiththeIOCsoonafterWorldWarI.AftervigorousparticipationintheearlyeditionsoftheFarEastGames，theIOCrecognizedaChineseNationalOlympicCommittee.Subsequently，ChinaenteredathletesintheOlympicGamesof1932，1936and1948.Thecivilwar，whichresultedinthedefeatKouMingTang（KMT）anditssubse-quentretreattotheislandofTaiwan，promptedconfusionwithintheIOC.Twosportor-ganizationsemerged，oneinthePeoplesRepublicofChina（PRC）andoneonTaiwan，eachclaimingtorepresenteachothersathletesininternationalsportaffairs.Thedevelo-pingEast-WestColdWarpolarizedattitudesandinfluenceddiscussionswithintheIOConChineserepresentationintheOlympicGames.Forthirtyyearsthemajorbarrierpreventingsolutionoftheproblemwasthequestionofnames，thatis，theinsistencebyeachinbeingreferringtoinallglobalmattersasChina.TheinitialimpassereacheditsclimaxwiththePRCswithdrawalfromtheOlympicMovementin1958.Inthe1970s，theinternationalsituationchangedand，combinedwithanimprove-mentinpoliticalandeconomicenvironmentsinthePRC，asolutionwasreachedonthe"TwoChinas"issue.ThePRCwasadmittedtotheIOCasafullOlympicpartnerin1979.Primefactorsintheformulaforsolutionoftheproblemwere：（1）thePRCwasrecognizedbytheUnitedNationandTaiwanwasexpelledin1971，（2）ThePRCdevel-opedabetterdialogueandrelationshipwithIOC，primarilyduetoAveryBrundagessre-tirementaspresident，（3）changingrelationshipwithUnitedStates，（4）increasinginter-nationalrespectandrecognition，and（5）TheChinasinternalenvironmentwasimproveddramaticallybytheinitiativesofDengXiaoPingsnewpoliciesimplementedin1978.