心音与杂音（第4版）：Heart Sounds and Murmurs Across the Lifespan with Audiotape

HeartSoundsandMurmursAcrosstheLifespandefinestheconceptsneededtolearnorreviewcardiacauscultation.Thecombinationofaudio(availableoneitherCDoraudiocassette)andtextexplainshowtoidentifyandinterpretnormalandcommonabnormalheartsounds.Someheartsoundsarereproducedonaheartsoundsimulator,allowingforaclear,crispgraspofspecific,individualsounds.Othersarerecordedfromrealpatientstodistinguishbetweensimilarheartandlungsounds,andtohelpthelistenerselecttheheartsoundsfromtheauditorymilieu.Coversthedistinctheartsounds(S1throughS4)first,thengraduatesthelistenertomorecomplexsoundsandmurmurs.Buildsupontheindividualheartsoundsbyincludingend-of-chapterreinforcementinmorethan170self-learning,"unknown"heartsoundsexercisesandquestionswithanswers.Alsogroupsextraneoussoundsaroundwhichnormalheartsoundstheyarelikelytobeheard,i.e.,"soundsaroundS1".Thisapproachallowspractitionerstobuildconfidenceintheirabilitytodiscernandidentifysoundsbybeingabletoplacethemwithinthecardiaccycle.Presentsclearandconcisecontentthatproceedsfromsimpletocomplexinordertoaidboththenewlearnerandtheexperiencedpractitioner.Contentwrittenbyawell-respectedauthorinthefieldtoensurethatinformationiscurrentandclinicallyaccurate.Includesend-of-chapterquestionsandself-learningexercisesof"unknown"heartsounds(withanswers)toreinforcecontentandimproveconfidenceaboutwhathasbeenlearned.Includeslearningobjectivesatthebeginningofeachchaptertohelpidentifykeyconcepts.Includesclinicalcorrelationsectionstohelpreadersapplyinformationtospecificpatientsyndromesandclinicalsituations.Presentsclearlyreproducedheartandextracardiacsoundswithnoextraneoussounds,allowingthereadertobuildconfidenceinthebasicsoundsbeforeprogressingtomorecomplexvariations.Includesprostheticvalvesoundsandsoundsheardafterheartsurgerytohonepractitioner'sskillsaboutreal-lifeapplicationsofauscultationtechniques.Pediatricheartsoundsandmurmursinfourcompletelynewchapters,includingpediatricheartsounds,pediatricsystolicanddiastolicmurmurs,andthevarietyofconditionspeculiartopediatricpatients.Chapters2-10nowincludeimplicationsforpediatricandgeriatricpatientsinadditiontothestandardinformationapplicabletoallpatients.Newcasestudiesinthesystolicanddiastolicmurmurschapters,expandingtheclinicalcorrelations.AnewWhentoReferchapterhelpspractitionersdistinguishbetweeninnocentandpathologicmurmurs,anddeterminetheappropriatecourseofactionforvariousmurmurs.