内容简介
Dostoevsky'slastandgreatestnovel,TheKaramazovBrothers(1880)isbothabrilliantlytoldcrimestoryandapassionatephilosophicaldebate.ThedissolutelandownerFyodorPavlovichKaramazovismurdered;hissons-theatheistintellectualIvan,
作者简介
FYODORMIKHAILOVICHDOSTOEVSKYwasborninMoscowin1821,thesecondinafamilyofsevenchildren.Hismotherdiedofconsumptionin1837andhisfather,agenerallydislikedarmyphysician,wasmurderedonhisestatetwoyearslater.In1844helefttheCollegeofMilitaryEngineeringinStPetersburganddevotedhimselftowriting.PoorFolk(1846)metwithgreatsuccessfromtheliterarycriticsoftheday.In1849hewasimprisonedandsentencedtodeathonaccountofhisinvolvementwithagroupofutopiansocialists,thePetrashevskycircle.Thesentencewascommutedatthelastmomenttopenalservitudeandexile,buttheexperienceradicallyalteredhispoliticalandpersonalideologyandleddirectlytoMemoirsfromtheHouseoftheDead(1861–2).In1857,whilststillinexile,hemarriedhisfirstwife,MariaDmitrievnaIsaeva,returningtoStPetersburgin1859.Intheearly1860shefoundedtwonewliteraryjournals,VremiaandEpokha,andprovedhimselftobeabrilliantjournalist.HetravelledinEurope,whichservedtostrengthenhisanti-Europeansentiment.DuringthisperiodabroadhehadanaffairwithPolinaSuslova,themodelformanyofhisliteraryheroines,includingPolinainTheGambler.Centraltotheirrelationshipwastheirmutualpassionforgambling—anobsessionwhichbroughtfinancialchaostohisaffairs.Bothhiswifeandhismuch-lovedbrother,Mikhail,diedin1864,thesameyearinwhichNotesfromtheUndergroundwaspublished;CrimeandPunishmentandTheGamblerfollowedin1866andin1867hemarriedhisstenographer,AnnaSnitkina,whomanagedtobringanelementofstabilityintohisfreneticlife.Hisothermajornovels,TheIdiot(1868),Demons(1871),andTheKaramazovBrothers(1880),metwithvaryingdegreesofsuccess.In1880hewashailedasasaint,prophet,andgeniusbytheaudiencetowhomhedeliveredanaddressattheunveilingofthePushkinmemorial.Hediedsixmonthslaterin1881;atthefuneralthirtythousandpeopleaccompaniedhiscoffinandhisdeathwasmournedthroughoutRussia.
