The Ecology of Commerce Revised Edition：A Declaration of Sustainability

TheworldhaschangedintheseventeenyearssincethecontroversialinitialpublicationofPaulHawken'sEcologyofCommerce,astirringtreatiseabouttheperceivedantagonismbetweenecologyandbusiness.YetHawken'simpassionedargument—thatbusinessbothcausesthemostegregiousabusesoftheenvironmentand,crucially,holdsthemostpotentialforsolvingoursustainabilityproblems—ismorerelevantandresonantthanever.Containingupdatedandrevisedmaterialforanewaudience,TheEcologyofCommercepresentsacompellingvisionoftherestorative(ratherthandestructive)economywemustcreate,centeredoneightimperatives:Reduceenergycarbonemissions80percentby2030andtotalnaturalresourceusage80percentby2050.Providesecure,stable,andmeaningfulemploymenttopeopleeverywhere.Beself-organizingratherthanregulatedormorallymandated.Honormarketprinciples.Restorehabitats,ecosystems,andsocietiestotheiroptimum.Relyoncurrentincome.Befunandengaging,andstriveforanaestheticoutcome.