内容简介
TheDiscoursesonLivy(DiscorsisopralaprimadecadiTitoLivio,DiscoursesontheFirstDecadeofTitusLivy)isaworkofpoliticalhistoryandphilosophycomposedintheearly16thcenturybythefamedFlorentinepublicservantandpoliticaltheoris
作者简介
NiccolòdiBernardodeiMachiavelli(3May1469–21June1527)wasanItalianphilosopher,writer,andpoliticianandisconsideredoneofthemainfoundersofmodernpoliticalscience.[1]Hewasadiplomat,politicalphilosopher,musician,poetandplaywright,but,foremost,hewasacivilservantoftheFlorentineRepublic.InJuneof1498,aftertheousterandexecutionofGirolamoSavonarola,theGreatCouncilelectedMachiavelliasSecretarytothesecondChanceryoftheRepublicofFlorence.[2]LikeLeonardodaVinci,MachiavelliisconsideredatypicalexampleoftheRenaissanceMan.Heismostfamousforashortpoliticaltreatise,ThePrincewritten1513,butnotpublisheduntil1532,fiveyearsafterMachiavelli'sdeath,thesamelikeanotherworkofrealistpoliticaltheory,theDiscoursesonLivy.AlthoughheprivatelycirculatedThePrinceamongfriends,theonlyworkhepublishedinhislifewasTheArtofWar,abouthigh-militaryscience.Sincethesixteenthcentury,generationsofpoliticiansremainattractedandrepelledbythecynical(realist)approachtopowerpositedinThePrince,theDiscourses,andtheHistory.[3]Whateverhispersonalintentions,whicharestilldebatedtoday,hissurnameyieldedthemodernpoliticalwordMachiavellianism—theuseofcunninganddeceitfultacticsinpoliticsoringeneral.
